home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
| Unknown | 1992-06-06 | 369.1 KB |
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MacOS 8.1
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Win98
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| Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
|---|
| 66%
| dexvert
| OS/2 Installation Package (archive/os2InstallPackage)
| ext
| Supported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| BeOS Installation Package (archive/beOSInstallPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Newton Package (archive/newtonPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Independence War 2 mod Package (other/independenceWar2ModPackage)
| ext
| Unsupported |
| 100%
| file
| data
| default
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hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|00000400| 04 00 b9 0d 00 00 37 32 | 00 00 00 01 50 76 04 00 |......72|....Pv..|
|00000410| c9 0a 00 00 37 33 00 00 | 00 01 19 81 04 00 5d 0b |....73..|......].|
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|000004e0| 05 00 dd 0b 00 00 38 38 | 00 00 00 01 81 2c 05 00 |......88|.....,..|
|000004f0| 6e 0a 00 00 38 39 00 00 | 00 01 ef 36 05 00 95 0b |n...89..|...6....|
|00000500| 00 00 39 30 00 00 00 01 | 84 42 05 00 e2 0a 00 00 |..90....|.B......|
|00000510| 39 31 00 00 00 01 66 4d | 05 00 23 0b 00 00 39 32 |91....fM|..#...92|
|00000520| 00 00 00 01 89 58 05 00 | 12 0c 00 00 39 33 00 00 |.....X..|....93..|
|00000530| 00 01 9b 64 05 00 75 0c | 00 00 39 34 00 00 00 01 |...d..u.|..94....|
|00000540| 10 71 05 00 01 0c 00 00 | 39 35 00 00 00 01 11 7d |.q......|95.....}|
|00000550| 05 00 8f 0d 00 00 39 36 | 00 00 00 01 a0 8a 05 00 |......96|........|
|00000560| fe 0a 00 00 39 37 00 00 | 00 01 9e 95 05 00 f5 10 |....97..|........|
|00000570| 00 00 39 38 00 00 00 01 | 93 a6 05 00 88 0e 00 00 |..98....|........|
|00000580| 39 39 00 00 00 01 1b b5 | 05 00 63 0f 00 00 00 00 |99......|..c.....|
|00000590| 00 00 00 00 7e c4 05 00 | 00 00 00 00 24 55 6e 69 |....~...|....$Uni|
|000005a0| 71 75 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 | 52 42 30 34 33 30 30 7d |que_ID{Y|RB04300}|
|000005b0| 0d 0a 24 54 69 74 6c 65 | 7b 4e 65 77 62 6f 72 6e |..$Title|{Newborn|
|000005c0| 20 53 63 72 65 65 6e 69 | 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 20 53 | Screeni|ng for S|
|000005d0| 69 63 6b 6c 65 20 43 65 | 6c 6c 20 44 69 73 65 61 |ickle Ce|ll Disea|
|000005e0| 73 65 3a 20 20 45 66 66 | 65 63 74 20 6f 6e 20 4d |se: Eff|ect on M|
|000005f0| 6f 72 74 61 6c 69 74 79 | 7d 0d 0a 24 41 75 74 68 |ortality|}..$Auth|
|00000600| 6f 72 7b 0d 0a 56 69 63 | 68 69 6e 73 6b 79 2c 20 |or{..Vic|hinsky, |
|00000610| 45 0d 0a 48 75 72 73 74 | 2c 20 44 0d 0a 45 61 72 |E..Hurst|, D..Ear|
|00000620| 6c 65 73 2c 20 41 0d 0a | 4b 6c 65 6d 61 6e 2c 20 |les, A..|Kleman, |
|00000630| 4b 0d 0a 4c 75 62 69 6e | 2c 20 42 7d 0d 0a 24 41 |K..Lubin|, B}..$A|
|00000640| 66 66 69 6c 69 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 7b 43 68 69 6c 64 |ffiliati|on{Child|
|00000650| 72 65 6e 27 73 20 48 6f | 73 70 2c 20 4f 61 6b 6c |ren's Ho|sp, Oakl|
|00000660| 61 6e 64 2c 20 43 61 6c | 69 66 7d 0d 0a 24 4a 6f |and, Cal|if}..$Jo|
|00000670| 75 72 6e 61 6c 7b 50 65 | 64 69 61 74 72 69 63 73 |urnal{Pe|diatrics|
|00000680| 7d 0d 0a 24 56 6f 6c 75 | 6d 65 7b 38 31 7d 0d 0a |}..$Volu|me{81}..|
|00000690| 24 50 61 67 65 7b 37 34 | 39 2d 37 35 35 7d 0d 0a |$Page{74|9-755}..|
|000006a0| 24 44 61 74 65 7b 4a 75 | 6e 65 20 31 39 38 38 7d |$Date{Ju|ne 1988}|
|000006b0| 0d 0a 24 59 42 56 6f 6c | 7b 31 39 38 39 20 59 65 |..$YBVol|{1989 Ye|
|000006c0| 61 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 | 6f 66 20 4e 65 6f 6e 61 |ar Book |of Neona|
|000006d0| 74 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 50 65 72 69 6e 61 74 61 |tal and |Perinata|
|000006e0| 6c 20 4d 65 64 69 63 69 | 6e 65 7d 0d 0a 24 43 68 |l Medici|ne}..$Ch|
|000006f0| 61 70 74 65 72 7b 31 33 | 2d 35 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 |apter{13|-5}..$YB|
|00000700| 45 64 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 | 72 73 2e 20 4b 6c 61 75 |Editor{D|rs. Klau|
|00000710| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 46 61 | 6e 61 72 6f 66 66 7d 0d |s and Fa|naroff}.|
|00000720| 0a 24 54 61 62 6c 65 7b | 54 61 62 6c 65 20 4f 6d |.$Table{|Table Om|
|00000730| 69 74 74 65 64 7d 0d 0a | 24 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 |itted}..|$Comment|
|00000740| 61 74 6f 72 7b 4d 2e 48 | 2e 20 4b 6c 61 75 73 2c |ator{M.H|. Klaus,|
|00000750| 20 4d 2e 44 2e 7d 0d 0a | 0d 0a 43 6f 70 79 72 69 | M.D.}..|..Copyri|
|00000760| 67 68 74 20 28 43 29 20 | 59 65 61 72 20 42 6f 6f |ght (C) |Year Boo|
|00000770| 6b 20 4d 65 64 69 63 61 | 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 73 |k Medica|l Publis|
|00000780| 68 65 72 73 2c 20 49 6e | 63 2e 20 31 39 39 31 0d |hers, In|c. 1991.|
|00000790| 0a 0d 0a 31 39 38 39 20 | 59 65 61 72 20 42 6f 6f |...1989 |Year Boo|
|000007a0| 6b 20 6f 66 20 4e 65 6f | 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 61 6e |k of Neo|natal an|
|000007b0| 64 20 50 65 72 69 6e 61 | 74 61 6c 20 4d 65 64 69 |d Perina|tal Medi|
|000007c0| 63 69 6e 65 0d 0a 0d 0a | 43 68 61 70 74 65 72 20 |cine....|Chapter |
|000007d0| 31 33 20 2d 2d 20 54 68 | 65 20 42 6c 6f 6f 64 0d |13 -- Th|e Blood.|
|000007e0| 0a 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |...-----|--------|
|000007f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000800| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000810| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000820| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000830| 2d 0d 0a 4e 65 77 62 6f | 72 6e 20 53 63 72 65 65 |-..Newbo|rn Scree|
|00000840| 6e 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 | 20 53 69 63 6b 6c 65 20 |ning for| Sickle |
|00000850| 43 65 6c 6c 20 44 69 73 | 65 61 73 65 3a 20 20 45 |Cell Dis|ease: E|
|00000860| 66 66 65 63 74 20 6f 6e | 20 4d 6f 72 74 61 6c 69 |ffect on| Mortali|
|00000870| 74 79 0d 0a 0d 0a 56 69 | 63 68 69 6e 73 6b 79 20 |ty....Vi|chinsky |
|00000880| 45 3b 20 48 75 72 73 74 | 20 44 3b 20 45 61 72 6c |E; Hurst| D; Earl|
|00000890| 65 73 20 41 3b 20 4b 6c | 65 6d 61 6e 20 4b 3b 20 |es A; Kl|eman K; |
|000008a0| 4c 75 62 69 6e 20 42 0d | 0a 28 43 68 69 6c 64 72 |Lubin B.|.(Childr|
|000008b0| 65 6e 27 73 20 48 6f 73 | 70 2c 20 4f 61 6b 6c 61 |en's Hos|p, Oakla|
|000008c0| 6e 64 2c 20 43 61 6c 69 | 66 29 0d 0a 50 65 64 69 |nd, Cali|f)..Pedi|
|000008d0| 61 74 72 69 63 73 20 38 | 31 3a 37 34 39 2d 37 35 |atrics 8|1:749-75|
|000008e0| 35 2c 20 4a 75 6e 65 20 | 31 39 38 38 0d 0a 2d 2d |5, June |1988..--|
|000008f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000900| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000910| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000920| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000930| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a |--------|----....|
|00000940| 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |Abstract|.... |
|00000950| 20 4e 65 77 62 6f 72 6e | 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e 69 | Newborn| screeni|
|00000960| 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 20 73 | 69 63 6b 6c 65 20 63 65 |ng for s|ickle ce|
|00000970| 6c 6c 20 64 69 73 65 61 | 73 65 20 68 61 73 20 62 |ll disea|se has b|
|00000980| 65 65 6e 20 61 64 76 6f | 63 61 74 65 64 20 61 73 |een advo|cated as|
|00000990| 20 61 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 | 0d 0a 6f 66 20 64 65 63 | a means|..of dec|
|000009a0| 72 65 61 73 69 6e 67 20 | 6d 6f 72 74 61 6c 69 74 |reasing |mortalit|
|000009b0| 79 2e 20 20 48 6f 77 65 | 76 65 72 2c 20 69 74 73 |y. Howe|ver, its|
|000009c0| 20 65 66 66 69 63 61 63 | 79 20 69 6e 20 61 63 63 | efficac|y in acc|
|000009d0| 6f 6d 70 6c 69 73 68 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 69 73 20 |omplishi|ng this |
|000009e0| 67 6f 61 6c 20 68 61 73 | 0d 0a 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 |goal has|..not be|
|000009f0| 65 6e 20 72 65 6c 69 61 | 62 6c 79 20 6d 65 61 73 |en relia|bly meas|
|00000a00| 75 72 65 64 2e 20 20 54 | 65 6e 20 79 65 61 72 73 |ured. T|en years|
|00000a10| 20 6f 66 20 65 78 70 65 | 72 69 65 6e 63 65 20 69 | of expe|rience i|
|00000a20| 6e 20 6e 65 77 62 6f 72 | 6e 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e |n newbor|n screen|
|00000a30| 69 6e 67 20 77 65 72 65 | 0d 0a 72 65 76 69 65 77 |ing were|..review|
|00000a40| 65 64 20 74 6f 20 68 65 | 6c 70 20 64 65 74 65 72 |ed to he|lp deter|
|00000a50| 6d 69 6e 65 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 |mine the| effecti|
|00000a60| 76 65 6e 65 73 73 20 6f | 66 20 73 75 63 68 20 73 |veness o|f such s|
|00000a70| 63 72 65 65 6e 69 6e 67 | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |creening|... |
|00000a80| 46 72 6f 6d 20 31 39 37 | 35 20 74 6f 20 31 39 38 |From 197|5 to 198|
|00000a90| 35 2c 20 38 34 2c 36 36 | 33 20 6e 65 77 62 6f 72 |5, 84,66|3 newbor|
|00000aa0| 6e 20 69 6e 66 61 6e 74 | 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 |n infant|s were s|
|00000ab0| 63 72 65 65 6e 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 20 73 69 63 6b |creened |for sick|
|00000ac0| 6c 65 20 63 65 6c 6c 0d | 0a 64 69 73 65 61 73 65 |le cell.|.disease|
|00000ad0| 20 72 65 67 61 72 64 6c | 65 73 73 20 6f 66 20 72 | regardl|ess of r|
|00000ae0| 61 63 65 20 6f 72 20 65 | 74 68 6e 69 63 20 62 61 |ace or e|thnic ba|
|00000af0| 63 6b 67 72 6f 75 6e 64 | 2e 20 20 42 61 72 74 27 |ckground|. Bart'|
|00000b00| 73 20 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c | 6f 62 69 6e 20 77 61 73 |s hemogl|obin was|
|00000b10| 0d 0a 70 72 65 73 65 6e | 74 20 69 6e 20 35 25 2c |..presen|t in 5%,|
|00000b20| 20 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c 6f | 62 69 6e 20 41 53 20 69 | hemoglo|bin AS i|
|00000b30| 6e 20 32 2e 36 25 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 68 65 6d 6f |n 2.6%, |and hemo|
|00000b40| 67 6c 6f 62 69 6e 20 41 | 43 20 69 6e 20 30 2e 37 |globin A|C in 0.7|
|00000b50| 35 25 20 6f 66 20 69 6e | 66 61 6e 74 73 2e 0d 0a |5% of in|fants...|
|00000b60| 57 68 65 6e 20 42 61 72 | 74 27 73 20 77 61 73 20 |When Bar|t's was |
|00000b70| 65 78 63 6c 75 64 65 64 | 2c 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |excluded|, about |
|00000b80| 33 2e 36 25 20 6f 66 20 | 61 6c 6c 20 69 6e 66 61 |3.6% of |all infa|
|00000b90| 6e 74 73 20 77 65 72 65 | 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 |nts were| found t|
|00000ba0| 6f 20 62 65 20 63 61 72 | 72 69 65 72 73 0d 0a 66 |o be car|riers..f|
|00000bb0| 6f 72 20 68 65 6d 6f 67 | 6c 6f 62 69 6e 6f 70 61 |or hemog|lobinopa|
|00000bc0| 74 68 79 2e 20 20 53 69 | 63 6b 6c 65 20 63 65 6c |thy. Si|ckle cel|
|00000bd0| 6c 20 64 69 73 65 61 73 | 65 20 6f 63 63 75 72 72 |l diseas|e occurr|
|00000be0| 65 64 20 69 6e 20 31 3a | 39 35 31 20 62 69 72 74 |ed in 1:|951 birt|
|00000bf0| 68 73 3a 20 20 35 38 0d | 0a 69 6e 66 61 6e 74 73 |hs: 58.|.infants|
|00000c00| 20 77 69 74 68 20 68 65 | 6d 6f 67 6c 6f 62 69 6e | with he|moglobin|
|00000c10| 20 53 53 2c 20 32 35 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 68 65 6d | SS, 25 |with hem|
|00000c20| 6f 67 6c 6f 62 69 6e 20 | 46 53 43 2c 20 33 20 77 |oglobin |FSC, 3 w|
|00000c30| 69 74 68 20 53 2d 20 62 | 65 74 61 5e 2b 0d 0a 2d |ith S- b|eta^+..-|
|00000c40| 74 68 61 6c 61 73 73 65 | 6d 69 61 2c 20 61 6e 64 |thalasse|mia, and|
|00000c50| 20 33 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c 6f 62 | 3 with |hemoglob|
|00000c60| 69 6e 20 53 2d 20 62 65 | 74 61 5e 30 20 2d 20 74 |in S- be|ta^0 - t|
|00000c70| 68 61 6c 61 73 73 65 6d | 69 61 20 28 74 61 62 6c |halassem|ia (tabl|
|00000c80| 65 29 2e 20 20 41 6c 73 | 6f 2c 20 31 0d 0a 69 6e |e). Als|o, 1..in|
|00000c90| 20 34 2c 32 33 33 20 6e | 65 77 62 6f 72 6e 73 20 | 4,233 n|ewborns |
|00000ca0| 68 61 64 20 61 20 63 6c | 69 6e 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 |had a cl|inically|
|00000cb0| 20 73 69 67 6e 69 66 69 | 63 61 6e 74 20 74 68 61 | signifi|cant tha|
|00000cc0| 6c 61 73 73 65 6d 69 61 | 20 73 79 6e 64 72 6f 6d |lassemia| syndrom|
|00000cd0| 65 3a 20 20 38 20 77 69 | 74 68 0d 0a 68 65 6d 6f |e: 8 wi|th..hemo|
|00000ce0| 67 6c 6f 62 69 6e 20 46 | 45 2c 20 31 30 20 77 69 |globin F|E, 10 wi|
|00000cf0| 74 68 20 68 65 6d 6f 67 | 6c 6f 62 69 6e 20 46 20 |th hemog|lobin F |
|00000d00| 6f 6e 6c 79 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 32 20 77 69 74 68 |only, an|d 2 with|
|00000d10| 20 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c 6f | 62 69 6e 20 48 2e 20 43 | hemoglo|bin H. C|
|00000d20| 6f 6d 70 61 72 65 64 0d | 0a 77 69 74 68 20 6f 74 |ompared.|.with ot|
|00000d30| 68 65 72 20 6e 65 77 62 | 6f 72 6e 20 73 63 72 65 |her newb|orn scre|
|00000d40| 65 6e 69 6e 67 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 69 |ening pr|ograms i|
|00000d50| 6e 20 43 61 6c 69 66 6f | 72 6e 69 61 2c 20 68 65 |n Califo|rnia, he|
|00000d60| 6d 61 67 6c 6f 62 69 6e | 6f 70 61 74 68 69 65 73 |maglobin|opathies|
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|00000de0| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 | 64 20 66 6f 72 20 37 2e | followe|d for 7.|
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|00000ef0| 20 20 42 79 20 63 6f 6e | 74 72 61 73 74 2c 20 6f | By con|trast, o|
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|00000f10| 20 69 6e 20 61 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 20 6f 66 20 36 | in a gr|oup of 6|
|00000f20| 34 20 70 61 74 69 65 6e | 74 73 20 77 69 74 68 0d |4 patien|ts with.|
|00000f30| 0a 73 69 63 6b 6c 65 20 | 63 65 6c 6c 20 61 6e 65 |.sickle |cell ane|
|00000f40| 6d 69 61 20 64 69 61 67 | 6e 6f 73 65 64 20 61 66 |mia diag|nosed af|
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|00001040| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 41 6c 74 68 6f 75 67 |.... | Althoug|
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|00001070| 74 73 20 61 74 20 62 69 | 72 74 68 20 66 6f 72 20 |ts at bi|rth for |
|00001080| 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c 6f 62 | 69 6e 6f 70 61 74 68 69 |hemoglob|inopathi|
|00001090| 65 73 0d 0a 68 61 73 20 | 62 65 65 6e 20 61 76 61 |es..has |been ava|
|000010a0| 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 66 | 6f 72 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 |ilable f|or many |
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|000010c0| 74 61 69 6e 74 79 20 61 | 62 6f 75 74 20 77 68 6f |tainty a|bout who|
|000010d0| 20 74 6f 20 74 65 73 74 | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | to test| and the|
|000010e0| 0d 0a 6c 61 63 6b 20 6f | 66 20 64 65 6d 6f 6e 73 |..lack o|f demons|
|000010f0| 74 72 61 74 65 64 20 69 | 6d 70 72 6f 76 65 6d 65 |trated i|mproveme|
|00001100| 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 6f 75 | 74 63 6f 6d 65 20 77 69 |nt in ou|tcome wi|
|00001110| 74 68 20 65 61 72 6c 79 | 20 64 69 61 67 6e 6f 73 |th early| diagnos|
|00001120| 69 73 20 68 65 6c 64 20 | 62 61 63 6b 0d 0a 73 75 |is held |back..su|
|00001130| 63 68 20 74 65 73 74 69 | 6e 67 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |ch testi|ng. The|
|00001140| 20 64 61 74 61 20 70 72 | 65 73 65 6e 74 65 64 20 | data pr|esented |
|00001150| 6e 6f 74 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | 20 72 65 76 65 61 6c 20 |not only| reveal |
|00001160| 74 68 65 20 68 69 67 68 | 20 70 72 65 76 61 6c 65 |the high| prevale|
|00001170| 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a | 68 65 6d 6f 67 6c 6f 62 |nce of..|hemoglob|
|00001180| 69 6e 6f 70 61 74 68 69 | 65 73 2c 20 62 75 74 2c |inopathi|es, but,|
|00001190| 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 61 | 20 6c 61 72 67 65 20 6d | after a| large m|
|000011a0| 75 6c 74 69 63 65 6e 74 | 65 72 20 72 61 6e 64 6f |ulticent|er rando|
|000011b0| 6d 69 7a 65 64 20 74 72 | 69 61 6c 20 6f 66 20 6f |mized tr|ial of o|
|000011c0| 72 61 6c 0d 0a 70 65 6e | 69 63 69 6c 6c 69 6e 20 |ral..pen|icillin |
|000011d0| 70 72 6f 70 68 79 6c 61 | 78 69 73 20 69 6e 20 63 |prophyla|xis in c|
|000011e0| 68 69 6c 64 72 65 6e 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 73 69 63 |hildren |with sic|
|000011f0| 6b 6c 65 20 63 65 6c 6c | 20 64 69 73 65 61 73 65 |kle cell| disease|
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|00001220| 76 65 20 72 65 64 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 |ve reduc|tion in |
|00001230| 6d 6f 72 74 61 6c 69 74 | 79 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 6f |mortalit|y and mo|
|00001240| 72 62 69 64 69 74 79 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74 |rbidity |in the t|
|00001250| 72 65 61 74 65 64 20 67 | 72 6f 75 70 0d 0a 63 6f |reated g|roup..co|
|00001260| 6d 70 61 72 65 64 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 61 20 63 6f |mpared w|ith a co|
|00001270| 6e 74 72 6f 6c 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 2e 20 20 41 20 |ntrol gr|oup. A |
|00001280| 63 6f 6e 73 65 6e 73 75 | 73 20 63 6f 6e 66 65 72 |consensu|s confer|
|00001290| 65 6e 63 65 20 73 75 6d | 6d 61 72 79 20 70 75 62 |ence sum|mary pub|
|000012a0| 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 69 | 6e 0d 0a 4a 41 4d 41 20 |lished i|n..JAMA |
|000012b0| 28 32 35 38 3a 20 20 31 | 32 30 35 2d 31 32 31 30 |(258: 1|205-1210|
|000012c0| 2c 20 31 39 38 37 29 20 | 72 65 63 6f 6d 6d 65 6e |, 1987) |recommen|
|000012d0| 64 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 73 74 |ded that| most st|
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|00001300| 67 20 61 6c 6c 20 6e 65 | 77 62 6f 72 6e 73 20 61 |g all ne|wborns a|
|00001310| 6e 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 74 68 6f 73 65 20 77 69 |nd that |those wi|
|00001320| 74 68 20 76 65 72 79 20 | 66 65 77 20 61 74 20 72 |th very |few at r|
|00001330| 69 73 6b 20 75 73 65 20 | 74 61 72 67 65 74 0d 0a |isk use |target..|
|00001340| 73 63 72 65 65 6e 69 6e | 67 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 |screenin|g. The |
|00001350| 77 61 79 20 69 73 20 6e | 6f 77 20 63 6c 65 61 72 |way is n|ow clear|
|00001360| 20 74 6f 20 64 65 76 65 | 6c 6f 70 20 61 6e 20 65 | to deve|lop an e|
|00001370| 6e 74 69 72 65 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 20 66 6f 72 |ntire sy|stem for|
|00001380| 20 63 6f 75 6e 73 65 6c | 69 6e 67 2c 0d 0a 67 75 | counsel|ing,..gu|
|00001390| 69 64 69 6e 67 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 63 61 72 69 6e |iding, a|nd carin|
|000013a0| 67 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 67 72 6f 75 70 |g for th|is group|
|000013b0| 20 6f 66 20 70 61 74 69 | 65 6e 74 73 20 61 6e 64 | of pati|ents and|
|000013c0| 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 66 | 61 6d 69 6c 69 65 73 2e | their f|amilies.|
|000013d0| 2d 2d 4d 2e 48 2e 0d 0a | 4b 6c 61 75 73 2c 20 4d |--M.H...|Klaus, M|
|000013e0| 2e 44 2e 0d 0a 24 55 6e | 69 71 75 65 5f 49 44 7b |.D...$Un|ique_ID{|
|000013f0| 59 52 42 30 34 33 30 31 | 7d 0d 0a 24 54 69 74 6c |YRB04301|}..$Titl|
|00001400| 65 7b 53 65 76 65 72 65 | 20 50 72 6f 74 65 69 6e |e{Severe| Protein|
|00001410| 20 43 20 44 65 66 69 63 | 69 65 6e 63 79 20 69 6e | C Defic|iency in|
|00001420| 20 4e 65 77 62 6f 72 6e | 20 49 6e 66 61 6e 74 73 | Newborn| Infants|
|00001430| 7d 0d 0a 24 41 75 74 68 | 6f 72 7b 0d 0a 4d 61 6e |}..$Auth|or{..Man|
|00001440| 63 6f 2d 4a 6f 68 6e 73 | 6f 6e 2c 20 4d 4a 0d 0a |co-Johns|on, MJ..|
|00001450| 4d 61 72 6c 61 72 2c 20 | 52 41 0d 0a 4a 61 63 6f |Marlar, |RA..Jaco|
|00001460| 62 73 6f 6e 2c 20 4c 4a | 0d 0a 48 61 79 73 2c 20 |bson, LJ|..Hays, |
|00001470| 54 0d 0a 57 61 72 61 64 | 79 2c 20 42 41 7d 0d 0a |T..Warad|y, BA}..|
|00001480| 24 41 66 66 69 6c 69 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 7b 55 6e 69 |$Affilia|tion{Uni|
|00001490| 76 20 6f 66 20 43 6f 6c | 6f 72 61 64 6f 3b 20 43 |v of Col|orado; C|
|000014a0| 68 69 6c 64 72 65 6e 27 | 73 20 4d 65 72 63 79 20 |hildren'|s Mercy |
|000014b0| 48 6f 73 70 2c 20 4b 61 | 6e 73 61 73 20 43 69 74 |Hosp, Ka|nsas Cit|
|000014c0| 79 2c 20 4d 6f 7d 0d 0a | 24 4a 6f 75 72 6e 61 6c |y, Mo}..|$Journal|
|000014d0| 7b 4a 20 50 65 64 69 61 | 74 72 7d 0d 0a 24 56 6f |{J Pedia|tr}..$Vo|
|000014e0| 6c 75 6d 65 7b 31 31 33 | 7d 0d 0a 24 50 61 67 65 |lume{113|}..$Page|
|000014f0| 7b 33 35 39 2d 33 36 33 | 7d 0d 0a 24 44 61 74 65 |{359-363|}..$Date|
|00001500| 7b 41 75 67 75 73 74 20 | 31 39 38 38 7d 0d 0a 24 |{August |1988}..$|
|00001510| 59 42 56 6f 6c 7b 31 39 | 38 39 20 59 65 61 72 20 |YBVol{19|89 Year |
|00001520| 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 | 4e 65 6f 6e 61 74 61 6c |Book of |Neonatal|
|00001530| 20 61 6e 64 20 50 65 72 | 69 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 4d | and Per|inatal M|
|00001540| 65 64 69 63 69 6e 65 7d | 0d 0a 24 43 68 61 70 74 |edicine}|..$Chapt|
|00001550| 65 72 7b 31 33 2d 36 7d | 0d 0a 24 59 42 45 64 69 |er{13-6}|..$YBEdi|
|00001560| 74 6f 72 7b 44 72 73 2e | 20 4b 6c 61 75 73 20 61 |tor{Drs.| Klaus a|
|00001570| 6e 64 20 46 61 6e 61 72 | 6f 66 66 7d 0d 0a 24 54 |nd Fanar|off}..$T|
|00001580| 61 62 6c 65 7b 7d 0d 0a | 24 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 |able{}..|$Comment|
|00001590| 61 74 6f 72 7b 4c 2e 20 | 53 6c 61 74 65 72 2d 4d |ator{L. |Slater-M|
|000015a0| 79 65 72 2c 20 4d 2e 44 | 2e 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 6f |yer, M.D|.}....Co|
|000015b0| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 | 28 43 29 20 59 65 61 72 |pyright |(C) Year|
|000015c0| 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 | 64 69 63 61 6c 20 50 75 | Book Me|dical Pu|
|000015d0| 62 6c 69 73 68 65 72 73 | 2c 20 49 6e 63 2e 20 31 |blishers|, Inc. 1|
|000015e0| 39 39 31 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 | 39 38 39 20 59 65 61 72 |991....1|989 Year|
|000015f0| 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 | 20 4e 65 6f 6e 61 74 61 | Book of| Neonata|
|00001600| 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 50 65 | 72 69 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 |l and Pe|rinatal |
|00001610| 4d 65 64 69 63 69 6e 65 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 68 61 70 |Medicine|....Chap|
|00001620| 74 65 72 20 31 33 20 2d | 2d 20 54 68 65 20 42 6c |ter 13 -|- The Bl|
|00001630| 6f 6f 64 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |ood....-|--------|
|00001640| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001650| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001660| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001670| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001680| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 53 | 65 76 65 72 65 20 50 72 |-----..S|evere Pr|
|00001690| 6f 74 65 69 6e 20 43 20 | 44 65 66 69 63 69 65 6e |otein C |Deficien|
|000016a0| 63 79 20 69 6e 20 4e 65 | 77 62 6f 72 6e 20 49 6e |cy in Ne|wborn In|
|000016b0| 66 61 6e 74 73 0d 0a 0d | 0a 4d 61 6e 63 6f 2d 4a |fants...|.Manco-J|
|000016c0| 6f 68 6e 73 6f 6e 20 4d | 4a 3b 20 4d 61 72 6c 61 |ohnson M|J; Marla|
|000016d0| 72 20 52 41 3b 20 4a 61 | 63 6f 62 73 6f 6e 20 4c |r RA; Ja|cobson L|
|000016e0| 4a 3b 20 48 61 79 73 20 | 54 3b 20 57 61 72 61 64 |J; Hays |T; Warad|
|000016f0| 79 20 42 41 0d 0a 28 55 | 6e 69 76 20 6f 66 20 43 |y BA..(U|niv of C|
|00001700| 6f 6c 6f 72 61 64 6f 3b | 20 43 68 69 6c 64 72 65 |olorado;| Childre|
|00001710| 6e 27 73 20 4d 65 72 63 | 79 20 48 6f 73 70 2c 20 |n's Merc|y Hosp, |
|00001720| 4b 61 6e 73 61 73 20 43 | 69 74 79 2c 20 4d 6f 29 |Kansas C|ity, Mo)|
|00001730| 0d 0a 4a 20 50 65 64 69 | 61 74 72 20 31 31 33 3a |..J Pedi|atr 113:|
|00001740| 33 35 39 2d 33 36 33 2c | 20 41 75 67 75 73 74 20 |359-363,| August |
|00001750| 31 39 38 38 0d 0a 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |1988..--|--------|
|00001760| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001770| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001780| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001790| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000017a0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a | 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 |----....|Abstract|
|000017b0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 48 6f 6d 6f 7a 79 67 |.... | Homozyg|
|000017c0| 6f 75 73 20 70 72 6f 74 | 65 69 6e 20 43 20 64 65 |ous prot|ein C de|
|000017d0| 66 69 63 69 65 6e 63 79 | 20 69 73 20 61 20 72 61 |ficiency| is a ra|
|000017e0| 72 65 20 67 65 6e 65 74 | 69 63 20 64 69 73 6f 72 |re genet|ic disor|
|000017f0| 64 65 72 2e 20 20 45 6c | 65 76 65 6e 0d 0a 69 6e |der. El|even..in|
|00001800| 66 61 6e 74 73 20 77 65 | 72 65 20 73 74 75 64 69 |fants we|re studi|
|00001810| 65 64 20 77 68 6f 73 65 | 20 69 6e 69 74 69 61 6c |ed whose| initial|
|00001820| 20 70 72 6f 74 65 69 6e | 20 43 20 6c 65 76 65 6c | protein| C level|
|00001830| 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 | 75 67 67 65 73 74 69 76 |s were s|uggestiv|
|00001840| 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a 68 6f | 6d 6f 7a 79 67 6f 75 73 |e of..ho|mozygous|
|00001850| 20 70 72 6f 74 65 69 6e | 20 43 20 64 65 66 69 63 | protein| C defic|
|00001860| 69 65 6e 63 79 20 62 75 | 74 20 61 73 20 61 6e 20 |iency bu|t as an |
|00001870| 61 70 70 61 72 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 61 63 71 75 69 |apparent|ly acqui|
|00001880| 72 65 64 20 74 72 61 6e | 73 69 65 6e 74 0d 0a 63 |red tran|sient..c|
|00001890| 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 6f 6e | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ondition|... |
|000018a0| 41 6c 6c 20 69 6e 66 61 | 6e 74 73 20 77 65 72 65 |All infa|nts were|
|000018b0| 20 73 65 65 6e 20 69 6e | 69 74 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 | seen in|itially |
|000018c0| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 6f 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 |in the n|eonatal |
|000018d0| 70 65 72 69 6f 64 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c 20 |period, |and all |
|000018e0| 68 61 64 0d 0a 70 72 6f | 74 65 69 6e 20 43 20 6c |had..pro|tein C l|
|000018f0| 65 76 65 6c 73 20 61 73 | 20 6c 6f 77 20 61 73 20 |evels as| low as |
|00001900| 74 68 6f 73 65 20 66 6f | 75 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 69 |those fo|und in i|
|00001910| 6e 66 61 6e 74 73 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 68 6f 6d 6f |nfants w|ith homo|
|00001920| 7a 79 67 6f 75 73 20 70 | 72 6f 74 65 69 6e 20 43 |zygous p|rotein C|
|00001930| 0d 0a 64 65 66 69 63 69 | 65 6e 63 79 2e 20 20 54 |..defici|ency. T|
|00001940| 68 65 73 65 20 69 6e 66 | 61 6e 74 73 20 77 65 72 |hese inf|ants wer|
|00001950| 65 20 65 6e 63 6f 75 6e | 74 65 72 65 64 20 69 6e |e encoun|tered in|
|00001960| 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 75 | 72 73 65 20 6f 66 20 65 | the cou|rse of e|
|00001970| 76 61 6c 75 61 74 69 6e | 67 0d 0a 69 6e 66 61 6e |valuatin|g..infan|
|00001980| 74 73 20 66 6f 72 20 73 | 69 67 6e 69 66 69 63 61 |ts for s|ignifica|
|00001990| 6e 74 20 70 65 72 69 6e | 61 74 61 6c 20 74 68 72 |nt perin|atal thr|
|000019a0| 6f 6d 62 6f 73 65 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 61 |omboses |and in a|
|000019b0| 6e 20 75 6e 72 65 6c 61 | 74 65 64 20 73 74 75 64 |n unrela|ted stud|
|000019c0| 79 20 6f 66 0d 0a 70 72 | 65 74 65 72 6d 20 69 6e |y of..pr|eterm in|
|000019d0| 66 61 6e 74 73 2e 20 20 | 45 78 63 65 70 74 20 66 |fants. |Except f|
|000019e0| 6f 72 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 | 69 6e 66 61 6e 74 73 20 |or some |infants |
|000019f0| 77 69 74 68 20 63 6f 6f | 6c 2c 20 63 79 61 6e 6f |with coo|l, cyano|
|00001a00| 74 69 63 20 65 78 74 72 | 65 6d 69 74 69 65 73 2c |tic extr|emities,|
|00001a10| 0d 0a 6e 6f 6e 65 20 68 | 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 63 |..none h|ad the c|
|00001a20| 68 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 | 69 73 74 69 63 20 70 61 |haracter|istic pa|
|00001a30| 74 63 68 79 20 6c 65 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 |tchy les|ions of |
|00001a40| 6e 65 6f 6e 61 74 61 6c | 20 70 75 72 70 75 72 61 |neonatal| purpura|
|00001a50| 20 66 75 6c 6d 69 6e 61 | 6e 73 20 6f 72 0d 0a 74 | fulmina|ns or..t|
|00001a60| 68 65 20 72 65 63 75 72 | 72 65 6e 74 20 65 70 69 |he recur|rent epi|
|00001a70| 73 6f 64 65 73 20 6f 66 | 20 64 69 73 73 65 6d 69 |sodes of| dissemi|
|00001a80| 6e 61 74 65 64 20 69 6e | 74 72 61 76 61 73 63 75 |nated in|travascu|
|00001a90| 6c 61 72 20 63 6f 61 67 | 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |lar coag|ulation |
|00001aa0| 74 79 70 69 63 61 6c 20 | 6f 66 0d 0a 68 6f 6d 6f |typical |of..homo|
|00001ab0| 7a 79 67 6f 75 73 20 70 | 72 6f 74 65 69 6e 20 43 |zygous p|rotein C|
|00001ac0| 20 64 65 66 69 63 69 65 | 6e 63 79 2e 20 20 53 6f | deficie|ncy. So|
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|000035b0| 37 30 35 2d 37 31 32 2c | 20 41 70 72 69 6c 20 31 |705-712,| April 1|
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|00004370| 69 74 6f 72 7b 44 72 73 | 2e 20 4b 6c 61 75 73 20 |itor{Drs|. Klaus |
|00004380| 61 6e 64 20 46 61 6e 61 | 72 6f 66 66 7d 0d 0a 24 |and Fana|roff}..$|
|00004390| 54 61 62 6c 65 7b 7d 0d | 0a 24 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e |Table{}.|.$Commen|
|000043a0| 74 61 74 6f 72 7b 41 2e | 41 2e 20 46 61 6e 61 72 |tator{A.|A. Fanar|
|000043b0| 6f 66 66 2c 20 4d 2e 42 | 2e 42 2e 43 68 2e 7d 0d |off, M.B|.B.Ch.}.|
|000043c0| 0a 0d 0a 43 6f 70 79 72 | 69 67 68 74 20 28 43 29 |...Copyr|ight (C)|
|000043d0| 20 59 65 61 72 20 42 6f | 6f 6b 20 4d 65 64 69 63 | Year Bo|ok Medic|
|000043e0| 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 | 73 68 65 72 73 2c 20 49 |al Publi|shers, I|
|000043f0| 6e 63 2e 20 31 39 39 31 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 39 38 39 |nc. 1991|....1989|
|00004400| 20 59 65 61 72 20 42 6f | 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 4e 65 | Year Bo|ok of Ne|
|00004410| 6f 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 50 65 72 69 6e |onatal a|nd Perin|
|00004420| 61 74 61 6c 20 4d 65 64 | 69 63 69 6e 65 0d 0a 0d |atal Med|icine...|
|00004430| 0a 43 68 61 70 74 65 72 | 20 31 33 20 2d 2d 20 54 |.Chapter| 13 -- T|
|00004440| 68 65 20 42 6c 6f 6f 64 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d |he Blood|....----|
|00004450| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004460| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004470| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004480| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004490| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 0d 0a 56 69 74 61 |--------|--..Vita|
|000044a0| 6d 69 6e 20 45 20 44 65 | 63 72 65 61 73 65 73 20 |min E De|creases |
|000044b0| 53 75 70 65 72 6f 78 69 | 64 65 20 41 6e 69 6f 6e |Superoxi|de Anion|
|000044c0| 20 50 72 6f 64 75 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 62 79 20 50 | Product|ion by P|
|000044d0| 6f 6c 79 6d 6f 72 70 68 | 6f 6e 75 63 6c 65 61 72 |olymorph|onuclear|
|000044e0| 0d 0a 4c 65 75 6b 6f 63 | 79 74 65 73 0d 0a 0d 0a |..Leukoc|ytes....|
|000044f0| 45 6e 67 6c 65 20 57 41 | 3b 20 59 6f 64 65 72 20 |Engle WA|; Yoder |
|00004500| 4d 43 3b 20 42 61 75 72 | 6c 65 79 20 4a 4c 3b 20 |MC; Baur|ley JL; |
|00004510| 59 75 20 50 2d 4c 0d 0a | 28 49 6e 64 69 61 6e 61 |Yu P-L..|(Indiana|
|00004520| 20 55 6e 69 76 2c 20 49 | 6e 64 69 61 6e 61 70 6f | Univ, I|ndianapo|
|00004530| 6c 69 73 29 0d 0a 50 65 | 64 69 61 74 72 20 52 65 |lis)..Pe|diatr Re|
|00004540| 73 20 32 33 3a 32 34 35 | 2d 32 34 38 2c 20 4d 61 |s 23:245|-248, Ma|
|00004550| 72 63 68 20 31 39 38 38 | 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |rch 1988|..------|
|00004560| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004570| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004580| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004590| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000045a0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 62 73 74 |--------|....Abst|
|000045b0| 72 61 63 74 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 56 69 74 |ract....| Vit|
|000045c0| 61 6d 69 6e 20 45 20 69 | 73 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e |amin E i|s common|
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|000045e0| 69 72 74 68 2d 77 65 69 | 67 68 74 20 69 6e 66 61 |irth-wei|ght infa|
|000045f0| 6e 74 73 20 69 6e 20 61 | 6e 20 61 74 74 65 6d 70 |nts in a|n attemp|
|00004600| 74 20 74 6f 0d 0a 70 72 | 65 76 65 6e 74 20 73 65 |t to..pr|event se|
|00004610| 76 65 72 65 20 72 65 74 | 69 6e 6f 70 61 74 68 79 |vere ret|inopathy|
|00004620| 20 6f 66 20 70 72 65 6d | 61 74 75 72 69 74 79 20 | of prem|aturity |
|00004630| 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 74 72 | 61 76 65 6e 74 72 69 63 |and intr|aventric|
|00004640| 75 6c 61 72 20 68 65 6d | 6f 72 72 68 61 67 65 2e |ular hem|orrhage.|
|00004650| 0d 0a 52 65 63 65 6e 74 | 20 73 74 75 64 69 65 73 |..Recent| studies|
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|00004670| 20 70 68 61 72 6d 61 63 | 6f 6c 6f 67 69 63 20 6c | pharmac|ologic l|
|00004680| 65 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 | 20 76 69 74 61 6d 69 6e |evels of| vitamin|
|00004690| 20 45 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 61 6e 0d 0a 69 6e 63 72 | E with |an..incr|
|000046a0| 65 61 73 65 64 20 72 69 | 73 6b 20 66 6f 72 20 73 |eased ri|sk for s|
|000046b0| 65 70 73 69 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 6e 65 63 72 6f 74 |epsis an|d necrot|
|000046c0| 69 7a 69 6e 67 20 65 6e | 74 65 72 6f 63 6f 6c 69 |izing en|terocoli|
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|000046f0| 6e 66 65 63 74 69 6f 75 | 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 |nfectiou|s compli|
|00004700| 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 72 |cations |may be r|
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|00004720| 64 20 68 6f 73 74 20 64 | 65 66 65 6e 73 65 73 2c |d host d|efenses,|
|00004730| 20 69 6e 0d 0a 70 61 72 | 74 69 63 75 6c 61 72 2c | in..par|ticular,|
|00004740| 20 70 6f 6c 79 6d 6f 72 | 70 68 6f 6e 75 63 6c 65 | polymor|phonucle|
|00004750| 61 72 20 6c 65 75 6b 6f | 63 79 74 65 20 6f 78 79 |ar leuko|cyte oxy|
|00004760| 67 65 6e 20 72 61 64 69 | 63 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 64 |gen radi|cal prod|
|00004770| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |uction..|... |
|00004780| 49 6e 20 76 69 74 72 6f | 20 73 74 75 64 69 65 73 |In vitro| studies|
|00004790| 20 68 61 76 65 20 64 65 | 6d 6f 6e 73 74 72 61 74 | have de|monstrat|
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|000047b0| 67 65 6e 20 72 61 64 69 | 63 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 64 |gen radi|cal prod|
|000047c0| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 | 79 0d 0a 70 6f 6c 79 6d |uction b|y..polym|
|000047d0| 6f 72 70 68 6f 6e 75 63 | 6c 65 61 72 20 6c 65 75 |orphonuc|lear leu|
|000047e0| 6b 6f 63 79 74 65 73 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 70 |kocytes |in the p|
|000047f0| 72 65 73 65 6e 63 65 20 | 6f 66 20 68 69 67 68 20 |resence |of high |
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|00004810| 6e 20 45 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 0d 0a 70 72 6f 64 75 |n E. Th|e..produ|
|00004820| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 73 75 70 65 72 6f 78 69 |tion of |superoxi|
|00004830| 64 65 20 61 6e 69 6f 6e | 2d 2d 61 6e 20 6f 78 79 |de anion|--an oxy|
|00004840| 67 65 6e 20 72 61 64 69 | 63 61 6c 20 69 6d 70 6f |gen radi|cal impo|
|00004850| 72 74 61 6e 74 20 66 6f | 72 20 62 61 63 74 65 72 |rtant fo|r bacter|
|00004860| 69 61 6c 0d 0a 6b 69 6c | 6c 69 6e 67 2d 2d 77 61 |ial..kil|ling--wa|
|00004870| 73 20 73 74 75 64 69 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 65 78 70 |s studie|d by exp|
|00004880| 6f 73 69 6e 67 20 70 6f | 6c 79 6d 6f 72 70 68 6f |osing po|lymorpho|
|00004890| 6e 75 63 6c 65 61 72 20 | 6c 65 75 6b 6f 63 79 74 |nuclear |leukocyt|
|000048a0| 65 73 20 69 6e 20 76 69 | 74 72 6f 20 74 6f 0d 0a |es in vi|tro to..|
|000048b0| 70 68 61 72 6d 61 63 6f | 6c 6f 67 69 63 20 6c 65 |pharmaco|logic le|
|000048c0| 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 | 76 69 74 61 6d 69 6e 20 |vels of |vitamin |
|000048d0| 45 2c 20 69 74 73 20 76 | 65 68 69 63 6c 65 2c 20 |E, its v|ehicle, |
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|000048f0| 65 72 6f 78 69 64 65 20 | 61 6e 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 70 |eroxide |anion..p|
|00004900| 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e |roductio|n was in|
|00004910| 69 74 69 61 74 65 64 20 | 62 79 20 65 78 70 6f 73 |itiated |by expos|
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|00004940| 20 74 6f 20 70 68 6f 72 | 62 6f 6c 0d 0a 6d 79 72 | to phor|bol..myr|
|00004950| 69 73 74 61 74 65 20 61 | 63 65 74 61 74 65 20 66 |istate a|cetate f|
|00004960| 6f 72 20 31 2c 20 35 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 31 30 20 |or 1, 5,| and 10 |
|00004970| 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 73 2e | 20 20 56 65 6e 6f 75 73 |minutes.| Venous|
|00004980| 20 62 6c 6f 6f 64 20 6f | 62 74 61 69 6e 65 64 20 | blood o|btained |
|00004990| 66 72 6f 6d 0d 0a 68 65 | 61 6c 74 68 79 20 61 64 |from..he|althy ad|
|000049a0| 75 6c 74 20 64 6f 6e 6f | 72 73 20 77 61 73 20 75 |ult dono|rs was u|
|000049b0| 73 65 64 20 66 6f 72 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 75 64 |sed for |the stud|
|000049c0| 79 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 56 69 74 61 6d 69 6e |y... | Vitamin|
|000049d0| 20 45 2d 74 72 65 61 74 | 65 64 20 70 6f 6c 79 6d | E-treat|ed polym|
|000049e0| 6f 72 70 68 6f 6e 75 63 | 6c 65 61 72 20 6c 65 75 |orphonuc|lear leu|
|000049f0| 6b 6f 63 79 74 65 73 20 | 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 64 |kocytes |produced|
|00004a00| 20 73 69 67 6e 69 66 69 | 63 61 6e 74 6c 79 0d 0a | signifi|cantly..|
|00004a10| 6c 65 73 73 20 73 75 70 | 65 72 6f 78 69 64 65 20 |less sup|eroxide |
|00004a20| 61 6e 69 6f 6e 20 63 6f | 6d 70 61 72 65 64 20 74 |anion co|mpared t|
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|00004a60| 20 61 6e 64 20 31 30 20 | 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 73 20 | and 10 |minutes |
|00004a70| 6f 66 20 70 68 6f 72 62 | 6f 6c 20 6d 79 72 69 73 |of phorb|ol myris|
|00004a80| 74 61 74 65 20 61 63 65 | 74 61 74 65 20 65 78 70 |tate ace|tate exp|
|00004a90| 6f 73 75 72 65 2e 20 20 | 44 6f 73 65 2d 72 65 73 |osure. |Dose-res|
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|00004ab0| 68 6f 77 65 64 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 61 74 20 6c 65 |howed th|at at le|
|00004ac0| 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 | 76 69 74 61 6d 69 6e 20 |vels of |vitamin |
|00004ad0| 45 20 6f 66 20 33 2e 35 | 20 6d 67 2f 64 6c 2c 20 |E of 3.5| mg/dl, |
|00004ae0| 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 65 72 | 65 64 20 61 6e 20 75 70 |consider|ed an up|
|00004af0| 70 65 72 20 6e 6f 72 6d | 61 6c 0d 0a 64 6f 73 61 |per norm|al..dosa|
|00004b00| 67 65 2c 20 73 75 70 65 | 72 6f 78 69 64 65 20 61 |ge, supe|roxide a|
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|00004b20| 77 61 73 20 73 69 6d 69 | 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 20 74 |was simi|lar to t|
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|00004b70| 20 48 6f 77 65 76 65 72 | 2c 20 73 75 70 65 72 6f | However|, supero|
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|00004b90| 63 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 77 | 61 73 20 73 69 67 6e 69 |ction..w|as signi|
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|000050a0| 68 65 6c 65 73 73 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 64 61 74 61 |heless, |the data|
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|000053a0| 0a 31 39 38 39 20 59 65 | 61 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 |.1989 Ye|ar Book |
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|000053e0| 20 2d 2d 20 45 6e 64 6f | 63 72 69 6e 65 20 61 6e | -- Endo|crine an|
|000053f0| 64 20 4d 65 74 61 62 6f | 6c 69 63 20 44 69 73 6f |d Metabo|lic Diso|
|00005400| 72 64 65 72 73 0d 0a 0d | 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |rders...|.-------|
|00005410| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005420| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005430| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005440| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005450| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 56 69 74 61 6d 69 6e |-------.|.Vitamin|
|00005460| 20 44 20 53 75 70 70 6c | 79 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | D Suppl|y to the|
|00005470| 20 52 61 74 20 46 65 74 | 75 73 20 61 6e 64 20 4e | Rat Fet|us and N|
|00005480| 65 6f 6e 61 74 65 0d 0a | 0d 0a 43 6c 65 6d 65 6e |eonate..|..Clemen|
|00005490| 74 73 20 4d 52 3b 20 46 | 72 61 73 65 72 20 44 52 |ts MR; F|raser DR|
|000054a0| 0d 0a 28 55 6e 69 76 20 | 6f 66 20 43 61 6d 62 72 |..(Univ |of Cambr|
|000054b0| 69 64 67 65 3b 20 4d 65 | 64 20 52 65 73 65 61 72 |idge; Me|d Resear|
|000054c0| 63 68 20 43 6f 75 6e 63 | 69 6c 2c 20 43 61 6d 62 |ch Counc|il, Camb|
|000054d0| 72 69 64 67 65 2c 20 45 | 6e 67 6c 61 6e 64 29 0d |ridge, E|ngland).|
|000054e0| 0a 4a 20 43 6c 69 6e 20 | 49 6e 76 65 73 74 20 38 |.J Clin |Invest 8|
|000054f0| 31 3a 31 37 36 38 2d 31 | 37 37 33 2c 20 4a 75 6e |1:1768-1|773, Jun|
|00005500| 65 20 31 39 38 38 0d 0a | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |e 1988..|--------|
|00005510| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005520| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005530| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005540| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005550| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a | 0d 0a 41 62 73 74 72 61 |------..|..Abstra|
|00005560| 63 74 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 70 |ct.... | The p|
|00005570| 72 65 76 65 6e 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6f 66 20 6e 65 6f |reventio|n of neo|
|00005580| 6e 61 74 61 6c 20 72 69 | 63 6b 65 74 73 20 62 79 |natal ri|ckets by|
|00005590| 20 6f 72 61 6c 20 73 75 | 70 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | oral su|pplement|
|000055a0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 76 69 74 61 6d |ation wi|th vitam|
|000055b0| 69 6e 0d 0a 44 32 20 68 | 61 73 20 6f 62 73 63 75 |in..D2 h|as obscu|
|000055c0| 72 65 64 20 75 6e 64 65 | 72 73 74 61 6e 64 69 6e |red unde|rstandin|
|000055d0| 67 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 6e 61 74 75 72 61 6c |g of the| natural|
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|000055f0| 69 63 68 20 79 6f 75 6e | 67 20 6d 61 6d 6d 61 6c |ich youn|g mammal|
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|00005610| 65 71 75 61 74 65 20 73 | 75 70 70 6c 79 20 6f 66 |equate s|upply of|
|00005620| 20 76 69 74 61 6d 69 6e | 20 44 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | vitamin| D. The |
|00005630| 70 6f 73 73 69 62 69 6c | 69 74 79 20 6f 66 20 73 |possibil|ity of s|
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|00005670| 74 61 6d 69 6e 20 44 20 | 69 6e 20 66 65 74 61 6c |tamin D |in fetal|
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|00005b40| 75 74 65 72 6f 20 77 61 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 |utero wa|s the ma|
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|00005cf0| 73 20 6d 6f 74 68 65 72 | 27 73 20 76 69 74 61 6d |s mother|'s vitam|
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|00005d20| 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 61 | 6e 20 6f 6e 20 65 78 74 |ther tha|n on ext|
|00005d30| 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 73 6f | 75 72 63 65 73 20 66 6f |ernal so|urces fo|
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|00005d60| 2d 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |-Comment|.... |
|00005d70| 20 57 65 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 61 73 6b 65 64 20 44 | We have| asked D|
|00005d80| 72 2e 20 4a 75 6c 69 61 | 6e 20 49 72 69 61 73 2c |r. Julia|n Irias,|
|00005d90| 20 44 69 72 65 63 74 6f | 72 20 6f 66 20 45 6e 64 | Directo|r of End|
|00005da0| 6f 63 72 69 6e 6f 6c 6f | 67 79 2c 20 43 68 69 6c |ocrinolo|gy, Chil|
|00005db0| 64 72 65 6e 27 73 0d 0a | 48 6f 73 70 69 74 61 6c |dren's..|Hospital|
|00005dc0| 20 6f 66 20 4f 61 6b 6c | 61 6e 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 | of Oakl|and, and|
|00005dd0| 20 44 72 2e 20 53 61 72 | 61 68 20 41 72 6e 61 75 | Dr. Sar|ah Arnau|
|00005de0| 64 2c 20 41 73 73 69 73 | 74 61 6e 74 20 50 72 6f |d, Assis|tant Pro|
|00005df0| 66 65 73 73 6f 72 20 6f | 66 20 50 65 64 69 61 74 |fessor o|f Pediat|
|00005e00| 72 69 63 73 0d 0a 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 55 6e 69 |rics..at| the Uni|
|00005e10| 76 65 72 73 69 74 79 20 | 6f 66 20 43 61 6c 69 66 |versity |of Calif|
|00005e20| 6f 72 6e 69 61 20 53 61 | 6e 20 46 72 61 6e 63 69 |ornia Sa|n Franci|
|00005e30| 73 63 6f 2c 20 4d 65 64 | 69 63 61 6c 20 4f 66 66 |sco, Med|ical Off|
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